Okwu Mmalite na Mgbasa Ozi Omenala Omenala Microbial (I)

Okwu Mmalite na Mgbasa Ozi Omenala Omenala Microbial (I)

Ọdịbendị omenala bụ ụdị matriks na-edozi ahụ agwakọta nke a kwadebere site na ihe dị iche iche dị ka mkpa nke uto microbial dị iche iche si dị, nke a na-eji eme omenala ma ọ bụ kewaa microorganisms dị iche iche.Ya mere, matriks na-edozi ahụ kwesịrị ịnwe nri (gụnyere isi iyi carbon, isi iyi nitrogen, ume, nnu inorganic, ihe na-eto eto) na mmiri nke microorganisms nwere ike iji mee ihe.Dabere n'ụdị microorganisms na ebumnuche nke nnwale ahụ, e nwere ụdị dị iche iche na ụzọ nkwadebe nke mgbasa ozi omenala.

Ewebata ụfọdụ usoro mgbasa ozi omenala na nnwale ahụ dịka ndị a:

Usoro ihe oriri agar:

A na-eji ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ agar eme ihe maka mgbasa na omenala nke nje bacteria na-emekarị, maka ikpebi ngụkọta nje bacteria, ichekwa ụdị nje na omenala dị ọcha.Ihe ndị bụ isi bụ: nsị anụ ehi, wepụ yist, peptone, sodium chloride, ntụ ntụ agar, mmiri a na-ekpo ọkụ.Peptone na beef ntụ ntụ na-enye nitrogen, vitamin, amino acid na carbon carbon, sodium chloride nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe nrụgide osmotic kwesịrị ekwesị, na agar bụ ihe na-eme ka usoro omenala.

Agar na-edozi ahụ bụ ụdị usoro omenala kachasị dị mkpa, nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-edozi ahụ achọrọ maka uto ụmụ nje.Enwere ike iji agar na-edozi ahụ maka omenala nje bacteria.

Ọbara agar:

Ọbara agar ọkara bụ ụdị anụ ehi na-ewepụta peptone media nwere ọbara anụmanụ defibrinated (n'ozuzu oke bekee ma ọ bụ ọbara atụrụ).Ya mere, na mgbakwunye na nri dị iche iche a chọrọ maka ịzụlite nje bacteria, ọ pụkwara inye coenzyme (dị ka ihe V), heme (factor X) na ihe ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche na-eto eto.Ya mere, a na-ejikarị usoro omenala ọbara zụlite, kewapụ ma chekwaa ụfọdụ microorganisms pathogenic nke na-achọ nri nri.

Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikarị agar ọbara eme nyocha hemolysis.N'oge usoro uto, ụfọdụ nje bacteria nwere ike ịmepụta hemolysin iji gbajie na igbari mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie.Mgbe ha na-etolite na efere ọbara, enwere ike ịhụ mgbanaka hemolytic translucent ma ọ bụ translucent gburugburu ógbè ahụ.Ọrịa nje nke ọtụtụ nje bacteria na-ejikọta ya na njirimara hemolytic.N'ihi na hemolysin nke nje bacteria dị iche iche na-emepụta dị iche, ikike hemolytic dịkwa iche, na ihe omume hemolysis na efere ọbara dịkwa iche.Ya mere, a na-ejikarị ule hemolysis eme ihe iji chọpụta nje bacteria.

Ọkara TCBS:

TCBS bụ thiosulfate citrate bile nnu sucrose agar ọkara.Maka iche iche nke pathogenic vibrio.A na-eji peptone na yist wepụ dị ka ihe ndị bụ isi na-edozi ahụ na omenala omenala iji nye isi iyi nitrogen, ikuku carbon, vitamin na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eto eto chọrọ maka uto nke nje bacteria;Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke sodium chloride nwere ike gboo mkpa nke mmụba halophilic nke vibrio;Sucrose dị ka isi iyi carbon fermentable;Sodium citrate, elu pH alkaline gburugburu ebe obibi na sodium thiosulfate na-egbochi uto nke nje bacteria.Ehi bile ntụ ntụ na sodium thiosulfate na-egbochi uto nke nje nje gram-positive.Na mgbakwunye, sodium thiosulfate na-enyekwa isi iyi sọlfọ.Na ọnụnọ nke citrate ferric, hydrogen sulfide nwere ike ịhụ nje bacteria.Ọ bụrụ na e nwere hydrogen sulfide na-emepụta nje bacteria, a ga-emepụta sedimenti ojii na efere;Ihe ngosi nke TCBS ọkara bụ bromocresol acha anụnụ anụnụ na thymol blue, bụ ndị na-egosi isi acid.Bromocresol acha anụnụ anụnụ bụ ihe ngosi acid-base nwere pH mgbanwe mgbanwe nke 3.8 (edo edo) ruo 5.4 (acha anụnụ anụnụ-acha akwụkwọ ndụ).E nwere ọnụọgụ ngbanwe abụọ: (1) oke acid bụ pH 1.2 ~ 2.8, na-agbanwe site na odo na-acha uhie uhie;(2) Oke alkali bụ pH 8.0 ~ 9.6, na-agbanwe site na odo na-acha anụnụ anụnụ.

TSA cheese soybean peptone agar ọkara:

Ngwakọta nke TSA yiri nke agar na-edozi ahụ.Na ọkọlọtọ mba, a na-ejikarị anwale nje bacteria na-edozi n'ime ụlọ dị ọcha (mpaghara) nke ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ.Họrọ ebe ule dị na mpaghara a ga-anwale, mepee efere TSA ma tinye ya na ebe ule.A ga-ewere ihe nlele mgbe ekpughere ya na ikuku ihe karịrị 30min maka oge dị iche iche, wee mepụta ya maka ịgụta ógbè.Ọkwa ịdị ọcha dị iche iche chọrọ ọnụ ọgụgụ ógbè dị iche iche.

Mueller Hinton kwuru:

MH medium bụ usoro microbial eji achọpụta nguzogide microorganisms na ọgwụ nje.Ọ bụ usoro na-adịghị ahọrọ nke ọtụtụ microorganisms nwere ike itolite na ya.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, starch dị n'ime ihe ndị ahụ nwere ike ịmịnye nsị nke nje bacteria na-ewepụta, n'ihi ya, ọ gaghị emetụta nsonaazụ ọrụ ọgwụ nje.Ngwakọta nke usoro MH dị ntakịrị, nke na-eme ka mgbasa nke ọgwụ nje mee ihe, ka o wee nwee ike igosi mpaghara mgbochi mmepe doro anya.N'ụlọ ọrụ ahụike China, a na-ejikwa usoro MH maka nnwale mmetụta ọgwụ.Mgbe ị na-eme nnwale nnabata ọgwụ maka ụfọdụ nje bacteria pụrụ iche, dị ka Streptococcus pneumoniae, ọbara atụrụ 5% na NAD nwere ike ịgbakwunye na ọkara iji gboo ihe oriri dị iche iche.

SS aga:

A na-ejikarị SS agar eme ihe maka iche iche na omenala nke Salmonella na Shigella.Ọ na-egbochi nje bacteria gram-positive, ọtụtụ coliforms na proteus, ma ọ dịghị emetụta uto nke salmonella;A na-eji sodium thiosulfate na ferric citrate chọpụta ọgbọ nke hydrogen sulfide, na-eme ka etiti obodo dị oji;Acha ọbara ọbara na-anọpụ iche bụ ihe ngosi pH.Ala acid nke na-emepụta shuga na-agba agba na-acha uhie uhie, na ógbè nke shuga na-adịghị agba agba enweghị agba.Salmonella enweghị agba na ógbè doro anya nke nwere ma ọ bụ na-enweghị etiti ojii, Shigella enweghị agba na ógbè doro anya.